Neuroimaging Features Of Central Nervous System Diseases In HIV-Infected Patients : A Comprehensive Review

• Wiem Feki

  Radiology Department, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, University of Sfax, Tunisia

• Fatma Hammami

  Infectious Diseases Department, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, University of Sfax, Tunisia

• Makram Koubaa

  Infectious Diseases Department, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, University of Sfax, Tunisia

• Emna Daoud

  Radiology Department, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, University of Sfax, Tunisia

• Mounir Ben Jemaa

  Infectious Diseases Department, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, University of Sfax, Tunisia

• Zaineb Mnif

  Radiology Department, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, University of Sfax, Tunisia

Neurological complications remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected individuals, especially those with advanced immunosuppression. Opportunistic infections such as cerebral toxoplasmosis, central nervous system tuberculosis, cryptococcal infection, and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy present with diverse and sometimes overlapping neuroimaging findings. Magnetic resonance imaging is the modality of choice for early detection and characterization of these conditions. Our work aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the most common brain diseases encountered in HIV-infected patients and to highlight the crucial role of neuroimaging in facilitating accurate diagnosis and timely treatment, thereby improving clinical outcomes.

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